REFLEKSI PANDEMI COVID-19: HEALTH BELIEF MODEL DALAM MENJELASKAN PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN PADA IBU HAMIL

Abstract

The increase in COVID-19 cases again occurred at the end of 2023. Based on data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia as of December 30, 2023, there were 318 additional COVID-19 cases, bringing the number of active cases in Indonesia to 2,606 cases. This condition is expected to continue and reach its peak in January 2024. This study aims to analyze the influence of the Health Belief Model construct on COVID-19 prevention behavior in pregnant women. This study used a cross-sectional design carried out in Malang City, East Java, involving 165 pregnant women as respondents. The dependent variables in this study are COVID-19 prevention behaviors, while independent variables include perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed by multiple linear regression. The results showed that COVID-19 prevention behaviors were significantly associated with high perception of vulnerability (b = 0.14; 95%CI = 0.04-0.24; p = 0.008), high perceived severity (b = 0.26; 95%CI = 0.09-0.44; p = 0.003), high perception of benefits (b = 0.15; 95%CI = 0.00-0.29; p = 0.047), and resistance perception (b = 0.42; 95%CI = 0.19-0.65; p < 0.001). The findings of the study show that the perception of susceptibility to COVID-19 infection, the perception of disease severity, the perception of benefit, and the perception of inhibition are significant predictors of COVID-19 prevention behavior in pregnant women.